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Poland Government 1998 https://greekorthodoxchurch.org/wfb1998/poland/poland_government.html SOURCE: 1998 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK Country name
Data code PL Government type democratic state National capital Warsaw Administrative divisions 49 provinces (wojewodztwa, singular - wojewodztwo); Biala Podlaska, Bialystok, Bielsko Biala, Bydgoszcz, Chelm, Ciechanow, Czestochowa, Elblag, Gdansk, Gorzow, Jelenia Gora, Kalisz, Katowice, Kielce, Konin, Koszalin, Krakow, Krosno, Legnica, Leszno, Lodz, Lomza, Lublin, Nowy Sacz, Olsztyn, Opole, Ostroleka, Pila, Piotrkow, Plock, Poznan, Przemysl, Radom, Rzeszow, Siedlce, Sieradz, Skierniewice, Slupsk, Suwalki, Szczecin, Tarnobrzeg, Tarnow, Torun, Walbrzych, Warszawa, Wloclawek, Wroclaw, Zamosc, Zielona Gora Independence 11 November 1918 (independent republic proclaimed) National holiday Constitution Day, 3 May (1791); Independence Day, November 11 (1918) Constitution 16 October 1997; adopted by the National Assembly on 2 April 1997; passed by national referendum 23 May 1997 Legal system mixture of Continental (Napoleonic) civil law and holdover communist legal theory; changes being gradually introduced as part of broader democratization process; limited judicial review of legislative acts although under the new constitution, the Constitutional Tribunal ruling will become final as of October 1999; court decisions can be appealed to the European Court of Justice in Strasbourg Suffrage 18 years of age; universal Executive branch
Legislative branch
bicameral National Assembly or Zgromadzenie Narodowe consists of the
Sejm (460 seats; members are elected under a complex system of proportional
representation to serve four-year terms) and the Senate or Senat (100 seats;
members are elected by a majority vote on a provincial basis to serve four-year
terms)
Judicial branch Supreme Court, judges are appointed by the president on the recommendation of the National Council of the Judiciary for an indefinite period; Constitutional Tribunal, judges are chosen by the Sejm for a 9-year term Political parties and leaders
Political pressure groups and leaders powerful Roman Catholic Church; Solidarity (trade union); All Poland Trade Union Alliance or OPZZ (trade union) International organization participation Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS, CCC, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, NAM (guest), NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNIKOM, UNMIBH, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNOMIG, UNPREDEP, UPU, WCL, WEU (associate partner), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC Diplomatic representation in the US
Diplomatic representation from the US
Flag description
two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red; similar to the flags
of Indonesia and Monaco which are red (top) and white
NOTE: The information regarding Poland on this page is re-published from the 1998 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Poland Government 1998 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Poland Government 1998 should be addressed to the CIA. |